Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness

Mashed potatoes,macaroni and cheese,may be bad for your arteries. 1 according to a study in Psychological Science,they're good for your heart and 2 .The study focuses on "comfort food" and how it makes people feel.

"For me 3,food has always played a big role in my family," says Jordan Troisi,a graduate student at the University of Buffalo,and lead author on the study.The study came out of the research program of his co-author Shira Gabriel.It has 4 non-human things that may affect human emotions.Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their 5 TV show,building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones.Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect 6 making people

think of their nearest and dearest. In one experiment,in order to make 7 feel lonely,the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them.Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment. Then,some people in each 8 wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food. 9,the researchers had participants 10 questions about their levels of loneliness.

Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely.But people who were generally 11 in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food."We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us."says Troisi."Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others."In 12 essays on comfort food,many people wrote about the 13 of eating food with family and friends. In another experiment,14 chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships,but only if they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food.This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment,along with many other questions,so they wouldn't remember it. Throughout everyone’s daily lives they experience stress,often associated with our 15 with others," Troisi says."Comfort food Can be an easy remedy for loneliness.

詞匯：

mashed adj.被搗成糊漿的

macaroni n.通心粉

cheese n.奶酪

artery n.動脈

assignment n.指定作業

reminder n.起提醒作用的東西

remedy n.治療方法,藥物

virtual adj.虛擬的

注釋：

1.comfort food：爽心食品

2. graduate student：研究生

3. The University of Buffalo：布法羅大學,建校于1846 年,位于水牛城( Buffalo City),屬于紐約州立大學,因此稱為紐約州立大學水牛城分校。

4. lead author：首席作者

5. their nearest and dearest：他們最接近和最親愛的人

6. levels of loneliness：孤獨程度

7. only if： 只有(在……情況下)

8. Throughout everyone's daily lives：在每一個人的日常生活中。through 有"貫穿"的意思。

練習：

1.A but B if C though D while

2.A personality B movement C emotions D will

3.A privately B usefully C awfully D personally

4.A looked for B looked at C looked after D looked up

5.A favorite B trustful C boring D annoying

6.A with B on C by D at

7.A professors B participants C assistants D scientists

8.A group B class C section D part

9.A Previously B Formally C Initially D Finally

10.A remember B explain C rewrite D complete

11.A sad B secure C shy D angry

12.A your B our C his D their

13.A accident B harm C experience D model

14.A eating B exchanging C buying D keeping

l 5.A expressions B estimation C cooperation D connections

答案與題解：

l. A本句前半句說土豆泥、通心粉等對血管有害( bad),后半句說這些食物對心臟有利(good) .很明顯,前半句與后半句意思相反,所以要選轉折連接詞but加以連接。

2. C 根據常識判斷,吃土豆泥不會對personality (性格) .movement (移動)或will (意志力)產生有利影響。隨后的文章,多處提到吃爽心食品( favorite food )有助于排解孤獨感。所以選emotions 是正確的。

3.D本題的答案是personally0 For me personally (就我個人而言)與下文的意思很連貫。privately (私下地)、usefully (有用地)或awfully (可怕地)與下文的意思搭不上,所以不會是答案。

4. B 本題的答案是looked at0."looked at non-human things" 相當于"studied (研究) nonhuman things",與上下文的意思很匹配。looked for(尋找)、looked after (照顧)和looked up(查找)與下文的意思搭配不上。

5.A本句的意思是：人們為了排解孤獨感,常常把自己和電視劇、流行歌曲歌手等等聯系起來。選項中有四個形容詞,應該選哪一個形容詞去修飾TV shows 呢?應該選褒義的形容詞： favorite (喜愛的)或trustful ( 可信任的)。但對電視劇來說談不上信任的問題。favorite 最合理,是本題答案。

6. C 上一句說到,人們為了排解孤獨感,常常把自己和喜愛的電視劇、流行歌曲歌手等等聯系起來。于是Troisi 和Gabriel 想,通過吃爽心食品讓他們想起親近的人,是不是也能產生同樣的排解孤獨感的效果呢?四個介詞中只有by的詞義是"通過".其余三個介詞在含義上都不合適。

7.B 選professors(教授)、assistants(助手)或scientists(科學家)不合常理,科學家選實驗對象時不會選他們。participants ( 參與者)是本題的答案。

8.A本題應該選group,指每一組的參與者。用class (班級),section (部門)或part (部分)在意義上顯然都不合適。

9. D 本段敘述試驗的幾個步驟。第一步要一部分受試者描寫與親人的爭斗,其他受試者寫情感上中性的話題。第二步(文中用then 加以連接)將上述兩組受試者中的每一組再一分為二,一些人描寫吃爽心食品的經歷,另一些人描寫吃新食品的經歷。接下來應該是第三步了。從四個選項中尋找,只有Finally 最合適,原來第三步就是最后一步了。

1O.D 實驗的最后一步是受試者被要求書面回答10個問題。complete 是答案。要求他們remember(記住)、delete (刪除)或rewrite (重寫) questions 都不合乎邏輯。

11. B 與親近的人爭吵會引發孤獨感,但是,一般說來,人們的關系若是通常處于什么狀態,通過寫出他們吃爽心食物的經歷會降低他們的孤獨感呢?一定不會是sad、shy或angry,答案應該是secure (穩定的)。

12.D 修飾essays 的所有格代詞在人稱與數上要與they 一致,所以their 是答案。

13. C "eating food with family and friends" 是一種experience (經歷),不會是一個accident (事故)、harm (危害)或model (樣式)。很明顯,experience 是本題的答案。

14.A 文章中幾次提到吃爽心食物有助于緩解孤獨感。所以本題選eating 是很自然的。其他

三個選項,exchanging (交換)、buying (買)或keeping (保留)若填入句子中,與后面的賓語chicken soup in the lab 連用,意思上說不通。

15.D 本題的答案是connections.其他三個選項在意思上都不合適。

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