第4部分：閱讀理解

第一篇

31．C【解析】題意：Jigme Singye Wangchuck是誰?

根據文章第一段最后一句…a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern可知，Wangchuck是一位新上任的國王。故選C。

32．C【解析】題意：除了使不丹現代化，Wangchuck還希望為不丹做什么?

根據文章第一段最后一句…King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions，說明Wangchuck不希望不丹丟掉其傳統，而第三段第三句 They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也說明Wangchuck推行的GNH(國民幸?？傊?政策中，如果能保持傳統文化和風俗則國民會更幸福。故選C。

33．A【解析】題意：一個國家進步在GNP中體現為……。

根據文中第二段第三、四句The GNP measures products and money．When the number of prod— ucts sold increases，people say the country is making progress可知，GNP用商品和金錢來衡量，賣出的商品越多，國家似乎越進步。故選A。

34．B【解析】題意：根據GNH，人民若……會更幸福。

文章第三段集中講述GNH，人們更幸福包括they have health care，education，and jobs；they live in a healthy，protected environment；they can keep their traditional culture and customs；they have a good，stable government。由此可知B項正確。

35．D【解析】題意：現在，很多國家……。

根據文章第五段第二、三句Many countries are nOW interested in Bhutan’S GNH．These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多國家用自己的方式去衡量幸福。故選 D。

第二篇

36．A【解析】題意：通過這項研究科學家能夠做什么?

文章第一句For the first time，researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain就點明研究們者第一次監測到大腦的學習過程，所以A項正確。根據文章第七段This worked even when test subjects were not aware of what they were learning得知實驗對象沒有意識到他們學到了什么，但是這不代表他們沒有在學習，所以B項錯誤。根據文章第二段Future therapies could decode the brain activity patterns of an athlete or a musician，and use them as a benchmark for teaching another person a new activity可知未來有可能解碼運動員或者音樂家們腦內活動的類型，而以此作為基準來教別人新技能，所以C項說法錯誤。根據文章第一段It’s not quite as advanced as an instant kung—fu download，可知D項也是錯誤的。故本題選A。

37．D【解析】題意：一個人在視知覺學習中學習某項工作時，什么能幫助他做得更好?

從第三段第二句…VPL，in which repetitive training improves a person’s performance on a parti— cular task可得知，通過對成人的視知覺學習研究，重復訓練會提高一個人某項工作的表現。A項tes— ting意為“測試”；B項encouragement意為“鼓勵”；C項self—assessment意為“自我評價”；D項意為“重復”。故選D。

38．B【解析】題意：關于實驗參與者下列哪項的敘述是正確的?

A項意為“實驗參與者學會了如何控制MRI機器”，文章只有第五段第一句The volunteers were a— gain placed in MRI machines出現MRI machines這個詞，而本句與A項毫不相干，所以A項錯誤。根據第五段第二、三句The participants were asked to “somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain”to make a solid green disc as large as they could．They were told they would get a paid bo— nus proportional to the size of this disc，but they weren’t told anything about what the disc meant可知 B項“實驗中沒有告知他們要學到什么”正確，與文中說法相符。C項意為“他們參加實驗會獲得報酬”，而上文的意思是他們被告知會得到與disc大小成正比的一筆獎金，bonus意為“獎金”，故C項錯誤。D項意為“他們不配合實驗”，與文意不符，實際上學者們很順利地完成了實驗，所以D項錯誤。故選B。

39．B【解析】題意：這項研究結果意義重大在于學習……。

根據文章第八段The most surprising thing in this study is that mere inductions of neural active-tion patterns corresponding to a specific visual feature led to visual performance improvement on the visual feature表明人們可以觀察到大腦活動，包括學習。這也是正是此項研究的意義所在。故選B。A項與D項文章并未提及，故錯誤。

40．C【解析】題意：最有可能從這項研究中受益的是什么人?

根據文章最后一段It can‘incept’a person to acquire new learning，skills，or memory，or possi— bly to restore skills or knowledge that has been damaged through accident，disease，Or aging，without a person’S awareness of what is learned or memorized說明此項技術可以攝取或重置人頭腦中的知識、技能或者記憶等。全文都在談成年人，故A項錯誤，而B項和D項以偏概全，故錯誤。所以本題選C。

第三篇

41．C【解析】題意：WISE的特別之處是什么?

根據文章第一段最后一句…WISE has a powerful digital camera，and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe…和第二段…we’re going to be seeing parts of the uni-verse that we haven’t seen before可得知，WISE最特別之處在于其小小身材卻攜帶了很強大的數碼相機，而且這個相機可以拍攝到我們不曾看到過的外太空。所以C項正確。而A項和B項的敘述不夠全面。由第七段第一句That’s a keY idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can’t可推斷出D項錯誤。故本題選C。

42．B【解析】題意：WISE攜帶的相機……。

根據文章第四段最后一句the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radia-tion和第五段第三、四句When an ordinary digital camera…receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree…puts the image together可得知，WISE所攜帶的相機與普通相機不同，普通相機是通過可見光的反射拍攝物體，而WISE是通過紅外輻射拍攝照片。所以B項正確，C項和D項錯誤。對于A項的敘述文章并未提及。故本題選B。

43．D【解析】題意：對于紅外輻射……是正確的。

根據文章第六段第一句Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light和最后一句Although invisible to the eye，longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin可知，紅外輻射的光波比可見光波長，且紅外輻射是不可見的，但是能被感知。所以D項說法正確，而A、B、C三項的說法都是錯誤的。故本題選D。

44．C【解析】題意：下列關于小行星的說法哪項是不正確的?

根據文章倒數第二段第三至五句Asteroids，for example，are giant rocks that float through space— but they absorb most of the light that reaches them．They don’t reflect light，so they’re diffi— cult to see．But they do give off infrared radiation，so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them可得知小行星不反射光，卻發出紅外輻射。所以C項中小行星發射可見光的說法是錯誤的。而A項、B項和D項說法正確。故本題選C。

45．A【解析】題意：從最后一段可以推斷出棕矮星……。

通過最后一段最后一句They’re so dim that they’re almost impossible to see with visible light， but in the infrared spectrum they glow可以得知，棕矮星紅外光譜可測，證明它們發射紅外輻射，所以 A項正確。本段第二句These objects are“failed” stars—which means they are not massive enough to jump start the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun明確說明棕矮星與像太陽的供能星不同，所以B項錯誤。由本段第三句brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down可知棕矮星并不活躍，所以C項錯誤。由本段第一句Brown dwarfs are another kind of deep—space object that will show up in WISE’S pictures可知WISE可以拍攝到棕矮星，所以D項錯誤。故本題選A。

（責任編輯：vstara）

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